When it comes to electrical installations, safety and reliability are non-negotiable. From garden wiring and industrial equipment to infrastructure upgrades, armoured cables offer a durable, long-lasting solution that protects your system from damage and downtime.
But not all armoured cables are the same. Choosing the right one depends on a few key factors, like the type of load, voltage, location, and even the type of armour. Let’s break down what you need to know.
Table of Contents
- Why Armoured Cables Are Used
- Main Types of Armoured Cables
- What to Consider When Choosing Armoured Cable
- Armoured Cable Size Chart
- Best Armoured Cables for Industrial Applications
- Installation Tips and Maintenance
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Final Thoughts
Why Armoured Cables Are Used
Armoured cables are designed with an extra protective layer, usually steel wire or aluminium wire making them ideal for harsh conditions, underground installations, and areas where cables are at risk of physical damage. They’re widely used across construction sites, outdoor power setups, and heavy-duty machinery connections.
Main Types of Armoured Cables
1. Steel Wire Armoured (SWA)
Commonly used in multi-core installations, SWA cables provide excellent mechanical protection and can sometimes be used for earthing.
2. Aluminium Wire Armoured (AWA)
Used in single-core AC systems, AWA cables avoid issues with electromagnetic interference and overheating. It’s also lighter, making it easier to handle in aerial installations.
3. Other Specialised Types
Certain installations may require flexible armoured cables or those with specific insulation like LSZH (Low Smoke Zero Halogen) for safety in public or fire-risk zones.
What to Consider When Choosing Armoured Cable
1. Voltage and Application
Match the cable’s voltage rating to your application. For example:
- 600/1000V is suitable for domestic and light commercial use
- MV and HV options are necessary for large industrial systems
Also consider fire-rated variants (e.g., LSZH) in buildings with strict safety regulations.
2. Choosing the Right Cable Size
Size matters for performance and safety. Factors include:
- Current load
- Run length (longer distances may require upsizing)
- Acceptable voltage drop
Typical sizes:
- 1.5–2.5 mm² for lighting
- 4–6 mm² for sockets and general use
- 10–16 mm² for heavy-duty appliances
- 25 mm²+ for industrial loads or main feeds
Use a professional calculator or consult with an expert to get it right.
3. Installation Environment
Consider:
- Moisture or water exposure
- Extreme temperatures
- Rodents or chemical exposure
- Whether the cable is buried, clipped, or suspended
Choose armoured cables with appropriate sheath materials like XLPE or LSZH for added protection.
4. Armour Type and Earthing
- SWA: Offers strength and can act as an earth path in many installations.
- AWA: Non-magnetic and ideal for single-core cables in AC systems.
Depending on local regulations, a separate earth core may still be required.
5. Compliance and Safety Standards
Always choose armoured cables that meet British and international standards like:
- BS 5467, BS 6724, or IEC 60502
- Check for fire safety, smoke emissions, and installation approvals where necessary
Armoured Cable Size Chart
Cable Size (mm²) | Common Uses |
1.5 – 2.5 | Lighting circuits |
4 – 6 | Sockets, garden power |
10 – 16 | Ovens, industrial equipment |
25+ | Mains distribution, large machinery |
For longer runs, account for voltage drop and increase the size accordingly.
Best Armoured Cables for Industrial Applications
Heavy-duty environments call for cables that can handle stress—mechanically, electrically, and environmentally. Ideal features include:
- XLPE insulation
- Fire-resistant and halogen-free sheathing
- Thick steel or aluminium armour for added protection
- Ratings suitable for indoor, outdoor, or underground use
Applications range from factory machinery to substation feeds and renewable energy farms.
Installation Tips and Maintenance
- Use properly sized glands and cleats
- Strip carefully to avoid damaging internal conductors
- Ensure correct earthing practices are followed
- Seal entry points to prevent moisture or debris
- Inspect regularly for wear, damage, or corrosion
Professional installation ensures compliance and peace of mind.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Can armoured cables be buried directly in the ground?
Yes. SWA and AWA cables are suitable for direct burial, especially with proper ducting or warning tape.
2. Do armoured cables need an additional earth wire?
Sometimes. The armour can act as CPC, but many installations still require a separate earth core for compliance.
3. How long do armoured cables last?
With proper installation and maintenance, they can last 30 years or more.
4. Are armoured cables flexible?
Standard ones aren’t highly flexible. Use flexible-armoured variants for dynamic installations or tight spaces.
5. What size armoured cable do I need for a 32A supply?
Typically 4mm² or 6mm², depending on distance. Always check voltage drop and consult an expert.
Final Thoughts on Choosing Armoured Cables
Selecting the right armoured cable is about ensuring your installation is safe, compliant, and built to last. From powering outdoor lighting, wiring up a factory floor, or running underground lines, understanding cable size, type, and the conditions they’ll face makes all the difference.
Still unsure which cable suits your project? Explore our full range of cables or speak to one of our technical experts. We’re here to help you get it right the first time!
